SECRET SOCIETIES:
A DISCUSSION OF THEIR CHARACTER AND CLAIMS,
BY
REV. DAVID MACDILL,
JONATHAN BLANCHARD, D. D.,
AND
EDWARD BEECHER, D. D.
'Have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of
darkness, but rather reprove them.' --EPH. v: 11.
1. Secret associations
are of very ancient origin. They existed among the ancient Egyptians,
Hindoos, Grecians, Romans, and probably among nearly all the pagan nations
of antiquity. This fact, however is neither proof of their utility nor of
their harmlessness. Slavery, despotism, cruelty, drunken falsehood, and all
sorts of sins and crimes have been practiced from time immemorial, but are
none the less to be reprobated on that account.
2. The facts that these
associations had no existence among the Israelites, who, alone of all the
ancient nations, enjoyed the light of Divine revelation, and that they
originated and flourished among the heathen, who were vain in their
imaginations; whose foolish heart was darkened, and whom God gave up to
uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts (Rom. i: 21-24), is a
presumptive proof that their nature and tendency are evil. We do not claim
that all the institutions among God's ancient people were right and good;
nor that every institution among the heathen was sinful and injurious;
still, that which was so popular among those whom the Bible declares to have
been filled with all unrighteousness; that which was so pleasing to men whom
God had given over to a reprobate mind and to vile affections (Rom. i:
26-28); that which made a part of the worship which the ignorant heathen
offered up to their unclean gods, and which was unknown among God's chosen
people, is certainly a thing to be viewed with suspicion. A thing of so bad
origin and so bad accompaniments we should be very slow to approve. The fact
that many good men see no evil in secret societies, and that many good men
have been and are members of them, is more than counterbalanced by the fact
that many good men very decidedly disapprove of them, and that, from time
immemorial, men of vile affections and reprobate minds, men whose
inclinations and consciences were perverted by heathenish ignorance and
error, and by a corrupt and abominable religion, have been very fond of
them.
3. Doubtless the authors
and conductors of the ancient mysteries made high pretensions, just
as do the modern advocates of secret societies. Perhaps the original design
of the ancient mysteries was to civilize mankind and promote religion; that
is, pagan superstition. But whatever may have been the design of the
authors of them, it is certain that they became schools of superstition and
vice. Their pernicious character and influence were so manifest that the
ancient Christian writers almost universally exclaimed against them.
(Leland's Chr. Rev., p. 223.) Bishop Warburton, who, in his "Divine
Legation," maintains that the ancient mysteries were originally pure,
declares that they "became abominably abused, and that in Cicero's time
the terms mysteries and abominations were almost synonymous." The cause
of their corruption, this eminent writer declares to be the secrecy
with which they were performed. He says: "We can assign no surer cause
of the horrid abuses and corruptions of the mysteries than the season
in which they were represented, and the profound silence in which they were
buried. Night gave opportunity to wicked men to attempt evil actions, and
the secrecy encouragement to repeat them." (Leland's Chr. Rev., p.
194.) It seems to have been of these ancient secret associations that the
inspired Apostle said, "It is a shame even to speak of those things
which are done in secret." (Eph. v: 12.)
4. In view of these
facts, the antiquity of secret societies is no argument in their favor; yet
it is no uncommon thing to find their members tracing their origin back to
the heathenish mysteries of the ancient Egyptians, Hindoos, or Grecians.
(See Webb's Freemason's Monitor, p. 39.) Since the ancient mysteries were so
impure and abominable, those who boast of their affinity with them must be
classed with them of whom the Apostle says, "Their glory is in their
shame" (Phil, iii: 19.)